History

Black henbane, also known as Hyoscyamus niger, is a herb that is a member of the Solanaceae family and is thought to contain a natural reservoir of secondary metabolites. We made an effort to demonstrate a method for callus induction and plantlet regeneration. In both light and dark environments, callus induction from (leaf, stem, and root) was studied using (MS) medium with various doses of BA or NAA (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mg/l). Our findings were as follows, in brief: in light condition, the Leaf explant produced considerably significant more callus induction than other explants, with high overall mean fresh and dry weights (77.2%, 745.3, and 46.1 mg, respectively). Regarding the interfering effects of the BA and NAA concentrations, the combination of (1.5 + 1 mg/l) BA+ NAA was chosen as the maintenance medium because it considerably produced the highest value of mass weight of callus originating from leaves in light circumstances (1119, 78.7 mg), respectively. If a stem Since treatment BA and NAA (0.5 + 1.5 mg/l) resulted in the highest significant fresh and dry weight values (692.2, 41.2 mg), they were selected as the maintenance medium under light conditions. The Leaf explant clearly outperformed the other explants in terms of callus induction, with a high significant total mean of fresh and dry weight visible in dark (68.8 percent , 608 and 38.9 mg, respectively). The combination of (1.5 + 1.5 mg/l) BA+ NAA significantly generated the maximum fresh and dry weight of callus coming from leaves (1242.5, 77.8 mg), and the medium chosen as a maintenance medium. stem The combination of BA and NAA at (0.5, 1 mg/l) was chosen as a maintenance medium because it produced a significant maximum value of fresh and dry weight (408.8, 18.8 mg, respectively) in dark conditions. Organogenesis was acquired by growing a callus from leaf explants in maintenance medium with a 2 mg/l BA concentration, yielding a high success rate and a substantial number of shoots ( 90 % , 18 shoots, respectively). With 2 mg/l of IBA, the optimal rooting rate 60 % was achieved at a long (3 cm) root length and root number (4.6 roots) .